How to Cite a Visual Art From a Website Apa
by Jeff Hume-Pratuch
Recently, we've had a surprising number of inquiries about how to reference artwork in APA Fashion. The APA Publication Manual (6th ed.) has a section on audiovisual media (7.07, pp. 209–210), but it focuses more often than not on audio, video, and Tv set. There are no guidelines for paintings, sculptures, or more than complicated installations (eastward.thousand., a chair, a photo of a chair, and a definition of "chair"). And then let's use the Frankenreference concept to model a few ways to handle art in your reference listing.
Just the Facts, Ma'am
A good reference contains plenty data to lead your reader to the source you used, as concisely as possible. At a minimum, this should include the artist'south name, yr(south) of fabrication, championship of the piece of work, whatsoever other necessary or relevant data (such equally the medium), and the location of the work. Hither's how a reference might look for Christina's Globe:
Wyeth, A. (1948). Christina's earth [Painting]. New York, NY: Museum of
Modern Art.
Merely suppose y'all are an impoverished grad student who can't afford a plane ticket to New York to run across the painting in person. Fortunately, the museum has an excellent website where you tin view the painting. In that case, employ the website in the location element of your reference:
Wyeth, A. (1948). Christina's earth [Painting]. Retrieved from
http://www.moma.org/explore/collection/index
If a work exists in several formats, it's helpful to provide enough data to place which one you lot're talking about. For instance, the original bronze of Rodin's The Thinker is in Paris:
Rodin, A. (1902). The thinker [Statuary and marble sculpture]. Paris,
France: Musée Rodin.
However, the creative person besides cast dozens of statuary and plaster copies of his model for this work, and one of them concluded upwards here in Washington:
Rodin, A. (1902). The thinker [Bronze sculpture]. Washington,
DC: National Gallery of Art.
Salvador Dali, in the Cartoon Room, With a Pancake
Sometimes authors ask where in the reference entry they should put descriptive information well-nigh the size, format, provenance, life bike, or composition of the artwork; the time, place, sponsorship, curation, and location of a special exhibition of the artwork; then forth. The general answer is, you lot don't—in APA Style, at least. If you lot are discussing one or two items for which this kind of data is necessary, it could be included in a footnote to the text; for a large number of works, a divide appendix with an annotated bibliography or even a catalog raisonné might be in society.
Advanced Topics
During the 20th century, forms of art emerged that play with the very notion of "art." For example, the work that won the 2001 Turner Prize consists of an empty room in which the lights go on and off every 5 s. However, we can still cite the artwork properly, even if at that place's no there there:
Creed, M. (2000). Work 227: The lights going on and off [Installation].
New York, NY: Museum of Modernistic Art.
Performance Fine art
A genre that seems particularly rich in topics for psychological report is performance fine art. Perhaps yous were fortunate plenty to exist present when Nam June Paik and Charlotte Moorman performed their Television receiver Bra for Living Sculpture, and you would similar to describe on this experience for your thesis. How would a reader get to the source of this reference?
Trick question! Brusk of a Vulcan mind meld, there'south no style to make that experience accessible to the reader. Care for it as a personal communication (in-text citation only, giving artist and engagement of functioning). However, if you lot researched the operation in a more than permanent medium (videotape, DVD, etc.), employ the reference for that format.
Do You Actually Demand a Reference?
Not every reference to an artwork needs a reference listing entry. A passing reference to a facial expression "reminiscent of Munch'southward The Scream" tin can stand on its own, for example, and at that place are certain cultural icons that demand no explanation. (One rule of thumb: If the artwork has inspired a successful ad campaign, information technology's probably an icon.) Know your audience and utilize your best judgment.
Source: https://blog.apastyle.org/apastyle/2010/04/theres-an-art-to-it.html
There's an Art to It
Recently, we've had a surprising number of inquiries about how to reference artwork in APA Mode. The APA Publication Manual (6th ed.) has a section on audiovisual media (7.07, pp. 209–210), but it focuses mostly on sound, video, and TV. There are no guidelines for paintings, sculptures, or more than complicated installations (due east.one thousand., a chair, a photo of a chair, and a definition of "chair"). Then let's apply the Frankenreference concept to model a few ways to handle fine art in your reference list.
Merely the Facts, Ma'am
A good reference contains enough information to pb your reader to the source you used, as concisely as possible. At a minimum, this should include the artist's proper name, year(s) of fabrication, title of the work, any other necessary or relevant data (such every bit the medium), and the location of the work. Here's how a reference might look for Christina's Globe:
But suppose you are an impoverished grad student who tin't beget a aeroplane ticket to New York to see the painting in person. Fortunately, the museum has an excellent website where you tin view the painting. In that instance, apply the website in the location element of your reference:
If a piece of work exists in several formats, it's helpful to provide enough information to identify which one you lot're talking nearly. For example, the original bronze of Rodin's The Thinker is in Paris:
All the same, the artist also bandage dozens of statuary and plaster copies of his model for this work, and one of them ended up hither in Washington:
Salvador Dali, in the Drawing Room, With a Pancake
Sometimes authors ask where in the reference entry they should put descriptive data almost the size, format, provenance, life cycle, or composition of the artwork; the time, place, sponsorship, curation, and location of a special exhibition of the artwork; so along. The general respond is, you don't—in APA Style, at least. If you are discussing 1 or two items for which this kind of data is necessary, information technology could exist included in a footnote to the text; for a big number of works, a split up appendix with an annotated bibliography or even a itemize raisonné might be in club.
Advanced Topics
During the 20th century, forms of fine art emerged that play with the very notion of "fine art." For example, the work that won the 2001 Turner Prize consists of an empty room in which the lights go on and off every 5 southward. However, nosotros can however cite the artwork properly, fifty-fifty if at that place'southward no there there:
Performance Art
A genre that seems particularly rich in topics for psychological study is performance art. Perchance yous were fortunate enough to be present when Nam June Paik and Charlotte Moorman performed their TV Bra for Living Sculpture, and you would like to draw on this experience for your thesis. How would a reader go to the source of this reference?
Trick question! Curt of a Vulcan mind meld, at that place'south no fashion to make that feel accessible to the reader. Treat it as a personal advice (in-text citation but, giving artist and engagement of functioning). Nonetheless, if you researched the operation in a more than permanent medium (videotape, DVD, etc.), use the reference for that format.
Do You Really Need a Reference?
Not every reference to an artwork needs a reference list entry. A passing reference to a facial expression "reminiscent of Munch'southward The Scream" tin can stand on its own, for example, and there are sure cultural icons that demand no explanation. (1 rule of thumb: If the artwork has inspired a successful ad campaign, it'southward probably an icon.) Know your audition and use your best judgment.